双语教学

Explain of Gastrointestinal Pathology

17.Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gross

This irregular reddish, ulcerated exophytic mid-esophageal mass as seen on the mucosal surface is a squamous cell carcinoma. Risk factors for esophageal squamous carcinoma include mainly smoking and alcoholism in the U.S.

（本图片资料来源自美国犹他大学）